Metrics to describe changes in the power system need for demand response resources

Grid decarbonization efforts can benefit significantly from demand response (DR) resources. However, system-level changes that affect the net-load such as increased variable renewable energy (VRE) generation and widespread deployment of efficiency (EE) also type, magnitude timing DR required to support grid. In this study, we use publicly available data define seven metrics assess how these shed shift needs. Specifically, there are four for grid conditions when has highest system value three program design were developed by considering temporal distribution net-load. We develop stylized load shape profiles illustrating EE measure impacts one high VRE profile demonstrate application metrics. The results confirm robustness identify complex interactions between demand-side supply-side resources need. Widespread our help planners operators be cognizant need in a way most valuable.